Sunscreen Ingredients and Pet Ingestion

Why dogs find certain things tasty is still beyond us, but sunscreen is one of those items the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center gets regular calls about in the summer.

If you have ever read the back of a container of sunscreen you know it can contain a number of ingredients. Generally, the primary reported issue for a pet who has ingested sunscreen is gastrointestinal upset; occasionally those signs may be severe and include diarrhea, bloody vomiting and potentially dehydration.

Sunscreen generally contains two primary ingredients you should know about; salicylates and zinc oxide.

Salicylates

Many sunscreens contain salicylates, often more than one kind at a variety of concentrations.

Salicylates have several effects in the body that ultimately result in a respiratory alkalosis and a compensatory metabolic acidosis; rarely hepatoxicity, hyperthermia and seizures may be seen. Gastric ulcerations are also possible with exposure to salicylates.

While these more serious effects are not commonly reported when sunscreens are ingested, more caution may be warranted when large amounts or higher concentrations of salicylates are ingested. 

Zinc Oxide        

Besides sunscreen, zinc oxide is also commonly found in diaper rash creams. The most common sign reported is vomiting—and because it often occurs soon after exposure due to the irritating nature of zinc oxide, pets may decontaminate themselves this way.

On rare occasions, allergic reactions are reported with ingestion of zinc oxide—typically manifesting in facial swelling and pruritis. Luckily zinc oxide is not absorbed well from the gastrointestinal tract so zinc toxicity is not common with ingestions of diaper creams and sunscreens.

The Packaging

Sometimes the biggest concern regarding a sunscreen exposure is not the active ingredients, but the actual tube itself. If a pet ingests a large portion of the tube, there is concern for a foreign body obstruction.